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Sleeping Pills Side Effects

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March 13, 2025

Sleeping Pills Side Effects: What Doctors Want You to Know

Medically reviewed by: 

Dr. Shiyan Ooi

School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester

Introduction

Sleeping pills are commonly prescribed for insomnia and other sleep disorders, providing relief for millions of people. However, these medications come with potential side effects that can impact both short-term and long-term health. Understanding these risks is essential for making an informed decision about sleep aids. This article covers the most common side effects of sleeping pills, their long-term impact, and safer alternatives.

Common Side Effects of Sleeping Pills

1. Daytime Drowsiness and Fatigue

Many sleep aids cause residual drowsiness, leaving users feeling sluggish and unfocused the next day. This can be particularly dangerous when driving or operating heavy machinery. Read more about drowsiness effects.

In addition to affecting productivity, chronic drowsiness can contribute to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. Lack of mental clarity also raises the risk of accidents at work and home.

2. Dependence and Withdrawal

Long-term use of sleeping pills can lead to dependence, making it difficult to sleep without them. Stopping suddenly may cause withdrawal symptoms like rebound insomnia, anxiety, and nausea. Learn about withdrawal risks.

People who rely on sleep aids for prolonged periods often find themselves increasing their dosage over time, leading to a cycle of dependency that can be difficult to break.

3. Memory Loss and Confusion

Some users experience cognitive impairments, including memory loss and confusion, particularly with benzodiazepines and Z-drugs. Read about cognitive effects.

Long-term use of sleep aids has also been linked to an increased risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The sedative effects interfere with the brain's ability to perform essential memory-consolidation processes during sleep.

4. Sleepwalking and Unusual Behaviors

Certain sleep aids, especially Z-drugs like Ambien, have been linked to sleepwalking, sleep-eating, and even sleep-driving. These behaviors can pose serious risks. Understand sleepwalking risks.

Some individuals have reported performing complex activities, such as cooking or driving, with no memory of their actions the next day. This presents significant dangers to the individual and those around them.

5. Increased Risk of Falls and Injuries

Elderly individuals taking sleep medications face a higher risk of falls due to dizziness and impaired balance. Learn about fall prevention.

Frequent falls can lead to fractures, head trauma, and extended hospital stays. Many healthcare professionals advise older adults to seek non-medication sleep treatments to minimize risks.

Long-Term Risks of Sleeping Pills

While sleeping pills may provide temporary relief, chronic use can lead to serious long-term health issues:

  • Increased Mortality Risk: Some studies suggest that regular use of sleep aids is linked to a higher risk of premature death. Review the research.
  • Higher Risk of Dementia: Prolonged use of benzodiazepines may contribute to cognitive decline and dementia. Learn about dementia risks.
  • Weakened Immune System: Poor-quality sleep induced by medication can suppress immune function, leading to higher susceptibility to illnesses.
  • Hormonal Imbalances: Some sleep aids interfere with the production of natural sleep hormones like melatonin, making it harder to fall asleep without medication.
  • Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Studies have shown that prolonged use of sleep medications is associated with a higher incidence of heart disease and high blood pressure.

Natural Alternatives to Sleeping Pills

Rather than relying on medications, consider these natural approaches to improving sleep quality:

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I): The most effective long-term solution for sleep disorders. Explore CBT-I.
  • Melatonin and Magnesium: Natural supplements that support healthy sleep cycles. Read about melatonin benefits.
  • Improved Sleep Hygiene: Regular sleep schedules, avoiding screens before bed, and creating a restful environment can greatly enhance sleep. Improve your sleep hygiene.
  • Relaxation Techniques: Meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises can naturally promote relaxation and improve sleep quality.
  • Dietary Adjustments: Avoiding caffeine and alcohol before bed and consuming sleep-supporting foods like tart cherries and walnuts can help regulate sleep patterns.

Better Sleep with Sleep Reset

At Sleep Reset, we help individuals achieve high-quality sleep naturally, without reliance on medications. Take our sleep quiz to discover your sleep challenges and receive a customized plan.

Our program incorporates CBT-I techniques, expert guidance, and personalized coaching to help you regain control of your sleep without harmful side effects.

By implementing sustainable sleep strategies, Sleep Reset helps you build long-lasting, healthy sleep habits without the need for prescription medications.

Conclusion

While sleeping pills may provide short-term relief, their long-term risks outweigh the benefits for many individuals. Exploring natural, sustainable solutions such as CBT-I, sleep hygiene improvements, and Sleep Reset's expert-led approach can lead to lasting sleep improvements without the risks associated with medication.

Dr. Shiyan Ooi

Dr. Shiyan Ooi is a medical doctor with over a decade of experience treating patients with chronic conditions. She graduated from the University of Manchester with a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBChB UK) and spent several years working at the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom, several Singapore government hospitals, and private functional medicine hospitals. Dr. Ooi specializes in root cause analysis, addressing hormonal, gut health, and lifestyle factors to treat chronic conditions. Drawing from her own experiences, she is dedicated to empowering others to optimize their health. She loves traveling, exploring nature, and spending quality time with family and friends.